ISA Server 2004 is a software firewall ... Microsoft defines ISA Server 2004 as “an advanced application layer firewall ... ISA Server 2004 includes the following key features: multi-layer inspection, advanced application layer filtering, secure inbound traffic and protection from “inside attacks” via VPN client connections, integrated multi-networking capabilities, network templates, and stateful routing and inspection.
Sounds like a NGFW but i mean. Yeah definitely should be A IMO
Point is not, if firewall is or not an application. Is, obviously. And as application, that fw works at OSI layer 7.
Point is, what OSI layer that fw is inspecting. If you filter based on IP address (for example), you can say that your firewall is filtering at layer 3. If you filter specific ports, you can say you're filtering at layer 4. If your firewall inspects specific protocol states or data, you can say it operates at layer 7.
Software fw usually inspects OSI layer 2 pdus. So, data link :)
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