Fishbone? As I think root cause analysis should be performed.

"Understanding the reason for this" is finding the root cause, hence Fishbone

Fishbone - to identify possible problem

'B" - Business Capability Analysis: Capabilities may be assessed for performance and associated risks to identify specific performance gaps and prioritize investments (10.6.2)

Key word here is the 'rationale" the why. Techniques for these include, scope modeling, business model canvas, decision analysis, business rule analysis and ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS (fishbone Diagram as an element). Yes i see why you might think this isn't suppose to be a technique but of cause it is because it is an element that specifically addresses ths particular scenario as opposed to business capability analysis that is focused on features and functions of an enterprise as specifically identifying the performance gap between the current and future state and doesn't tell us the reason. Ans is D

pg 230: Business capability analysis describes what an enterprise, or part of an enterprise, is able to do. Business capabilities describe the ability of an enterprise to act on or transform something that helps achieve a business goal or objective Answer is B

I think the answer should be B. Refer to BABOK V3 10.6.3.3: "Capabilities can be assessed to identify explicit performance expectations. When a capability is targeted for improvement, a specific performance gap can be identified. The performance gap is the difference between the current performance and the desired performance"

Ans B 10.6.3.3

C & D's are not techniques.. B is technique though

Answer is D:BABOK V-3 Pg.173 8.2.6 Analyze Performance measures• Root Cause Analysis: used to determine the underlying cause of performance variance. BABOK V-3 Pg.336 10.40 Root Cause Analysis .3 Elements .1 The Fishbone Diagram A fishbone diagram (also known as an Ishikawa or cause-and-effect diagram) is used to identify and organize the possible causes of a problem. This tool helps to focus on the cause of the problem versus the solution and organizes ideas for further analysis. The diagram serves as a map that depicts possible cause-and effect relationships.

Other clues are: question is asking about "technique" - Fishbone analysis is NOT a technique by itself - root cause analysis is, Fishbone diagram is an element of RCA technique. Next, question is about "performance gap" which satisfies 10.6.3.3, hence answer is Business Capability Analysis.

Answer is B: Babok v3: 10.6.3.3 Capabilities can be assessed to identify explicit performance expectations. When a capability is targeted for improvement, a specific performance gap can be identified. The performance gap is the difference between the current performance and the desired performance, given the business strategy.

Fishbone diagram is used to identify and organize the possible cause of a problem which is "understanding the reason for this"