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A. Hash Both hash and checksum can validate integrity. But hashing algorithms are better.

Checksums provide integrity

You compare hashes to verify

A Checksum is the outcome of running an algorithm, called a cryptographic hash function.

Per Dion Study Guide 601 pg124, using a hash algorithm creates a level of assurance to the integrity and authenticity of given message or file.

For starters, checksums can have collisions (lots of them). Because of this, checksums are the worst choice for verifying that data has not been modified and certainly offers no guarantee. Cryptographic hashes like MD5 or better are designed to be collision resistant.

Checksum

D . Checksum verifies or checks the integrity of data

A checksum is calculated from a block of digital data with the scope of being used in error detection. Its main function is to detect errors which may have been introduced during its transmission or storage.

Hashes are used to verify that data is not modified, tampered with, or corrupted. Hashes are more longer numbers and used in strong cryptographic implementations. Checksum is a small piece of data used to quickly verify the integrity of the data.

It's D. Checksum Checksum -> verify the integrity Hash -> protect against X

I think the semantics of the question are the key here. It is by no coincidence that both hash and checksum are answer choices. At first, I read the question and thought, wth both a checksum and hash value are used to establish integrity. Why am I even being asked to differentiate between the two?? Upon re-reading the question, it clicked that we are being asked to identify an ALGORITHM that establishes the integrity. A checksum is simply the output of an algorithm, therefore hash seems to be the best answer here.

Checksum: While checksums are used to detect errors in data transmission or storage, they are not as robust as hash functions for verifying data integrity. Checksums can detect errors, but they are not designed to verify that data has not been modified intentionally.

while both checksums and hash functions are used to verify data integrity, checksums are simpler and less secure, primarily intended for error detection. Hash functions are more complex, resistant to intentional tampering, and suitable for cryptographic applications where data security is crucial.

The algorithm performed to verify that data has not been modified is: A. Hash Explanation: Hash (Option A): A hash function takes input data and produces a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hexadecimal number. The hash value, or hash code, is unique to the input data. By comparing the hash value of the original data with the hash value calculated from the received or stored data, one can determine whether the data has been modified. If the hash values match, the data is likely unchanged; if they differ, it indicates that the data has been altered.

D. Checksum