Refer to the exhibit. Router R1 receives static routing updates from routers A, B, C, and D. The network engineer wants R1 to advertise static routes in OSPF area 1. Which summary address must be advertised in OSPF?
D is correct
10.1.40.0/25 covers addresses from 10.1.40.0 to 10.1.40.127
10.1.40.128/29 covers addresses from 10.1.40.128 to 10.1.40.135
10.1.40.176/28 covers addresses from 10.1.40.176 to 10.1.40.191
10.1.41.224/29 covers addresses from 10.1.41.224 to 10.1.41.231
The longest prefix that covers all the given routes is /23.
This means that the summarized address should cover the range from 10.1.40.0 to 10.1.41.255
The way I look at summarization is that you want the least specific prefix (ie the one that has the largest range). This is the opposite of subnetting, where you typically want to conserve address space, so you get as specific as possible.
Because it must be cover all of them.
10.1.40.0/23 = 10.1.40.1 - 10.1.41.255
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