An Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)-based virtual private network (VPN) has three major components:
- VPN route target communities—A VPN route target community is a list of all members of a VPN community. VPN route targets need to be configured for each VPN community member.
- Multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP) peering of VPN community provider edge (PE) devices—MP-BGP propagates virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) reachability information to all members of a VPN community. MP-BGP peering must be configured on all PE devices within a VPN community.
- MPLS forwarding—MPLS transports all traffic between all VPN community members across a VPN service-provider network.
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/lan/catalyst9300/software/release/16-5/configuration_guide/mpls/b_165_mpls_9300_cg/b_165_mpls_9300_cg_chapter_011.html#concept_qvl_scy_f1b
First, excuse my english.
I think the 2 major component are:
- VPN route distinguisher which ensures the uniqueness of ip address of differents clients in PE.
- MP-BGP peering of VPN community PE devices : MP-BGP must be configured between PEs to transporte routes like VNPv4.
IF there is 3 component in the question, i will add the route target, i think, is impoprtant for import/export VRF which is an attribut of BGP.
Could someone gives the correct answer ?
The two major components of an MPLS-based VPN refer to the underlying mechanisms that enable the VPN to function:
VPN Route Distinguisher (RD), which ensures uniqueness in IP addressing.
MP-BGP peering between PE devices, which enables the exchange of routing information across the provider network.
VPN route target communities is indeed an important part of MPLS-based VPNs, but it serves a different role from the two major components of an MPLS VPN.
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