Root Port selection is based on the port having lowest cost to the Root Bridge (CAT1). For PVST (Per VLAN Spanning Tree) path cost will depend on bandwidth of links and cost value is as shown below for most commonly used links.
https://mrncciew.com/2013/07/07/stp-root-port-selection/
During the root port selection process in Cisco’s Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), the following criteria are used:
Lowest Path Cost: The port with the lowest path cost to the root bridge is selected first.
Lowest Sending Bridge ID: If the path costs are equal, the port on the switch with the lowest sending bridge ID is chosen.
Lowest Sending Port ID: If the sending bridge IDs are also equal, the port with the lowest sending port ID is selected.
These criteria ensure that the most efficient path to the root bridge is used, preventing network loops.
C is correct. question asked for the first step in electing root bridge.
STP Root Port Selection
Lowest bridge ID (Priority:MAC Address) switch becomes the Root-Bridge.
Each non-root bridge should have ONE root port (RP) which is the port having lowest path-cost to Root Bridge.
All ports in Root Bridge become Designated Ports (DP)
Each segment should have one Designated Port (DP)
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