B is Correct. During congestion, traffic shaping buffers and queues packets above the committed rate.
Answer A describes Policing dropping packets exceeding a certain bitrate. Answer C is describing packet fragmentation when the router receives an IP packet above 1500 bytes. Answer D is sort of describing Random Early Detection (RED) which is a congestion avoidance mechanism that randomly drops packets from RED-enabled interfaces or queues during periods of high congestion. RED tells the packet source to decrease its transmission rate.
Source: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/qos_conavd/configuration/xe-16/qos-conavd-xe-16-book/qos-conavd-cfg-wred.html#GUID-F7BA5018-770F-48B7-8103-EEF22A7FC479
During shaping phase, it uses queues to force some traffic to wait (buffered traffic) to avoid congestion
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