"One important piece of telemetry that can be instrumented on infrastructure devices is NetFlow." and "In addition to flow information, telemetry can often include network taps or captures."
https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/resources/network_integrity_monitoring.html
Initially, I thought about the SNMP. However, SNMP uses the polling method, which requests information each time information is acquired, but Telemetry uses the subscription method.
B is correct
NetFlow is the original network telemetry technology, in which devices collect IP traffic statistics on enabled interfaces and export those statistics as NetFlow records toward one more Collectors. Many other vendors also support NetFlow as a de facto standard, although there are also other vendor specific implementations such as JFlow, RFlow and NetStream. Netflow v5 is one of the most common deployed versions, although it supports only IPv4 flows. NetFlow v9 supports IPv6 and MPLS flows as well as template based records.
https://www.netreo.com/blog/network-telemetry-it-executive-guide/
Both SNMP and NetFlow have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the choice of which technology to use depends on the specific monitoring and analysis needs of the network. SNMP is a simpler and more widely supported protocol, making it easier to implement and more suitable for monitoring basic performance metrics of individual devices. NetFlow provides more detailed information about network traffic and is better suited for troubleshooting network issues and optimizing network performance.
In summary, while SNMP is recommended as a baseline form of telemetry for network infrastructure devices, NetFlow is also a valuable technology that can provide more detailed information about network traffic flows. The choice between SNMP and NetFlow ultimately depends on the specific needs and goals of the network monitoring and analysis.
SNMP is not a form of telemetry since it uses a pull method to gather the information, which is the reason why it is being substituted by telemetry methods, such as Netflow, based on push methods.
With SNMP you cannot have almost real-time status of the network unless you send a request
Good points you've made but remember the SNMP protocol is an internet standard protocol (RFCs 3411–3418) where as Netflow is Developed by Cisco directly and this is a Cisco exam, the answer has to be 'B' on that basis.
SNMP uses the polling method, which requests information each time information is acquired, but Telemetry uses the subscription method. Regarding transport, SNMP is a UDP-only implementation, but Telemetry uses gRPC in addition to UDP/TCP and uses a flow-controlled transport layer.
https://www.infosim.net/stablenet/blog/the-similarities-and-differences-between-snmp-and-telemetry/#:~:text=SNMP%20uses%20the%20polling%20method,a%20flow%2Dcontrolled%20transport%20layer.
Why telemetry is better than SNMP?
It sends data at a higher rate and with lower impact on the network devices than with other methods, like SNMP or the command-line interface (CLI).
https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/answer/Telemetry-vs-SNMP-Is-one-better-for-network-management#:~:text=It%20sends%20data%20at%20a,%2Dline%20interface%20(CLI).
SNMP is a commonly used telemetry protocol for network devices. It is used to monitor and manage the performance and health of network devices, such as routers, switches, and firewalls. SNMP provides a standard set of management data and methods, which allows network administrators to collect data from network devices, set configuration parameters, and receive alerts when certain conditions are met. So, SNMP is considered a form of telemetry for network infrastructure devices.
If the questions focus on Cisco network infra device, i would choose Netflow since netflow developed by Cisco. however, The question is baseline recommendation of network infra devices. Commonly we always used SNMP.
So D for me.
B. NetFlow is the baseline form of telemetry recommended for network infrastructure devices. NetFlow provides visibility into network traffic by capturing and recording network flow data, which can then be used for network analysis, troubleshooting, and security monitoring.
Telemetry refers to the process of collecting and transmitting data from remote devices, such as sensors or network devices, for monitoring or analysis purposes. SNMP fits this definition since it collects and transmits data from network devices to a central management system.
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