Looks like Spider and Jackal are not associated with a specific nation-state APT.
https://warnerchad.medium.com/why-apt-group-names-include-animals-bear-panda-etc-6bdcadedf82b
Panda is China, Bear is Russia, Chollima is North Korea, Kitten is Iran, Buffalo is Vietnam, and so on.
Non-state-affiliated suffixes include Spider for criminal gangs and Jackal for hacktivist groups.
Crowdstrike is linked in the official CompTIA eLearn, so it has to be their source:
https://www.crowdstrike.com/adversaries/
Spider - eCrime
Jackal - Hacktivism
Kitten and Panda are both examples of APT groups that are associated with non-nation-state actors such as hacktivists, cybercriminals, or mercenaries.
Tiger, is an example of an APT group that is associated WITH A nation-state actor, not non-nation-state
Jackal and Bear, are not commonly used APT adversary archetypes !
Spider, is a commonly used APT adversary archetype, but it can be used by both nation-state and non-nation-state actors.
D&F for all previously mentioned reasons. Also Kitten could likely be state sponsored, maybe not typically, but they have been known to be state sponsored.
Two APT adversary archetypes that represent non-nation-state threat actors are Kitten and Jackal. Therefore, the correct answers are A and D.
Kitten is a term used to describe Iranian-based threat actors that are typically not backed by the Iranian government.
Jackal is a term used to describe smaller, less sophisticated groups or individuals who use APT techniques to achieve their goals.
Panda, Tiger, and Bear are all nation-state threat actors associated with China, North Korea, and Russia, respectively.
Spider is not an APT adversary archetype, but rather a term used to describe the automated tools used by threat actors to crawl websites and collect information.
Therefore, the two APT adversary archetypes that represent non-nation-state threat actors are Kitten (Option A) and Jackal (Option D).
Jackals are typically motivated by financial gain and they often work alone or in small groups. They often target smaller organizations that lack robust security systems, using tactics like phishing, malware, and other forms of social engineering to compromise their targets.
Spiders are criminal organizations or individuals who use the Internet to carry out their attacks. They often target e-commerce sites, banks, and other organizations that hold valuable information, such as credit card numbers and other sensitive financial data. They are motivated by financial gain and use a variety of hacking tools and techniques to achieve their objectives.
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