Exam Professional Data Engineer topic 1 question 21 discussion

The best answer is "A". Answer "D" is not as efficient or error-proof due to two reasons 1. You need to calculate hash at sender as well as at receiver end to do the comparison. Waste of computing power. 2. Even if we discount the computing power, we should note that the system is sending inventory information. Two messages sent at different can denote same inventory level (and thus have same hash). Adding sender time stamp to hash will defeat the purpose of using hash as now retried messages will have different timestamp and a different hash. if timestamp is used as message creation timestamp than that can also be used as a UUID.

Answer: D Description: Using Hash values we can remove duplicate values from a database. Hashvalues will be same for duplicate data and thus can be easily rejected.

Answer-D , A- Assign GUIDs: This only works if the source system can guarantee unique IDs per original transmission. But if re-transmissions recreate the GUID, or if the system doesn't assign one, this fails.

Assigning a GUID (Globally Unique Identifier) at the SOURCE system to each payload ensures: Idempotency: You can identify if a record has already been processed. Efficiency: A simple lookup on the GUID is much faster than comparing hashes or checking entire payloads. Scalability: Works well even when millions of records are transmitted.

Use hashing (answer B) for efficient, scalable, and fast deduplication — it's a well-established best practice in streaming and batch data pipelines.

Even If you defien GUID. How will the source know about it? he hold no such ID.

A is incorrect. how can you find duplicates if you assign a unique id to every record? The answer is D.

The most efficient way to deduplicate your inventory data would be: D. Maintain a database table to store the hash value and other metadata for each data entry. This approach is optimal because: It creates a lightweight reference table that stores just the hash values and essential metadata (like timestamps) rather than the full payload data Hash values can be quickly compared to identify duplicates without expensive full-data comparisons The metadata can help with auditing and troubleshooting transmission issues This solution scales well as your data volume grows Option A (using GUIDs) doesn't address the retransmission scenario well, as new GUIDs might be generated each time. Option B requires comparing against all historical data, which becomes increasingly inefficient over time. Option C creates unnecessary storage overhead by using entire data entries as primary keys when only a hash value is needed for comparison.

Deduplicate data with retransmissions. Use a database table with hash

most obvious answer

Option D: Maintain a database table to store the hash value and other metadata for each data entry. This approach is efficient and scalable. By storing a computed hash value (as a compact representation of the data) along with metadata, deduplication can be performed by comparing new entries with the stored hashes. This minimizes storage requirements and improves lookup efficiency.

1. My original vote was 'B'. I chose it over 'D' because option 'D' does not explicitly say anything about how that table will be used for deduplication. In hindsight, explicit usage of table should not be given much weightage so after review and seeing other comments, I thought of 'D' as the correct answer. 2. Now looking more clearly at option 'D' (and 'B' also), it's a little ambiguous of what keys will be used to create the hash. So, if you use the payload PLUS the timestamp, the hash is of no use. This is a little confusing 3. Finally, although I never thought this is the right option, 'A' seems to be the correct option. The GUID is created at Data entry, NOT at the transmission stage. So, the GUID should be representative of the payload only and NOT the timestamp which will make it unique per payload, not per transmission of the same payload. So, in the end, I feel like 'A' is the correct choice.

To deduplicate the data most efficiently, especially in a cloud environment where the data is sent periodically and re-transmissions can occur, the recommended approach would be: D. Maintain a database table to store the hash value and other metadata for each data entry. This approach allows you to quickly check if an incoming data entry is a duplicate by comparing hash values, which is much faster than comparing all fields of a data entry. The metadata, which includes the timestamp and possibly other relevant information, can help resolve any ambiguities that may arise if the hash function ever produces collisions.

B. Compute the hash value of each data entry, and compare it with all historical data. Explanation: Efficiency: Hashing is a fast and efficient operation, and comparing hash values is generally quicker than comparing the entire payload or using other methods. Space Efficiency: Storing hash values requires less storage space compared to storing entire payloads or using global unique identifiers (GUIDs). Deduplication: By computing the hash value of each data entry and comparing it with historical data, you can easily identify duplicate transmissions. If the hash value matches an existing one, it indicates that the payload is the same.

I though the answer was A 'cos it's more efficient. But I read the answer with more attention: GUID is given "at each data entry". It's not said that GUID was given from publisher. If GUID is given in data entry (subscriber), two equal messages can have different GUID. D is not complete 'cos it's not so precise about hash field that are used. I'm in doubt on this answer :-(

Answer : A "D" is not as efficient or error-proof due to two reasons 1. You need to calculate hash at sender as well as at receiver end to do the comparison. Waste of computing power. 2. Even if we discount the computing power, we should note that the system is sending inventory information. Two messages sent at different can denote same inventory level (and thus have same hash). Adding sender time stamp to hash will defeat the purpose of using hash as now retried messages will have different timestamp and a different hash. if timestamp is used as message creation timestamp than that can also be used as a UUID.

D. Maintain a database table to store the hash value and other metadata for each data entry. Storing a database table with hash values and metadata is an efficient way to deduplicate data. When new data is transmitted, you can calculate the hash of the payload and check whether it already exists in the database. This approach allows for efficient duplicate detection without the need to compare the new data with all historical data. It's a common and scalable technique used to ensure data consistency and avoid processing the same data multiple times. Options A (assigning GUIDs to each data entry) and C (storing each data entry as the primary key) can work, but they might be less efficient than using hash values when dealing with a large volume of data. Option B (computing the hash value of each data entry and comparing it with all historical data) can be computationally expensive and slow, especially if there's a significant amount of historical data to compare against. Storing hash values in a table allows for fast and efficient deduplication.