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The MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) header includes the following fields:
A. Label
C. EXP (Experimental)
D. TTL (Time To Live)
Explanation:
A. Label: The MPLS label is a fixed-size field that is used to identify the forwarding equivalence class (FEC) and to determine the next hop in the label-switched path (LSP).
C. EXP (Experimental): EXP bits are used for experimental purposes, allowing the definition of Class of Service (CoS) values for QoS (Quality of Service).
D. TTL (Time To Live): The TTL field is used to limit the time that a packet can circulate in the network. It is decremented at each hop, and if it reaches zero, the packet is discarded.
Here is a table representation of an MPLS header:
Field Size (bits) Description
Label 20 Used to identify the Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) for the packet.
EXP 3 Experimental bits used for Quality of Service (QoS).
S 1 Bottom of Stack bit. Set to 1 for the last label in the label stack.
TTL 8 Time to Live. Decremented at each hop and used to prevent routing loops.
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