B. Business impact.
Establishing categories within an information classification scheme is typically done to ensure that information assets are appropriately protected based on their value and sensitivity. Business impact is a critical factor in determining the level of protection and controls required for different types of information.
By considering the business impact, organizations can assess the potential consequences of unauthorized disclosure, alteration, or loss of information. Information assets with higher business impact, such as confidential customer data, intellectual property, or financial records, may require stricter controls and a higher classification level to safeguard their confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
While all the options mentioned can play a role in establishing categories within an information classification scheme, the business impact is typically the primary consideration. Understanding the impact of the information on the organization's operations, reputation, legal requirements, and other factors helps determine the appropriate level of protection and handling procedures for different types of information.
The information security policy, information architecture, and industry standards are important considerations as well, but they often derive from or align with the business impact assessment. Ultimately, the goal of information classification is to ensure that information receives an appropriate level of protection and handling based on its importance to the organization, which is closely tied to its business impact.
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