But it also says
Azure resource costs must be minimized where possible.
Enterprise Security package incur additional costs on the nodes
May be they meant using Azure AD if readily available with the service
The correct answer seems to be C, because of the requirement: Privacy and security policy -
Azure Active Directory must be used for all services where it is available.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/hdinsight/domain-joined/hdinsight-security-overview
Authentication
Enterprise Security Package from HDInsight provides Active Directory-based authentication, multi-user support, and role-based access control. The Active Directory integration is achieved through the use of Azure Active Directory Domain Services. With these capabilities, you can create an HDInsight cluster joined to an Active Directory domain. Then configure a list of employees from the enterprise who can authenticate to the cluster.
With this setup, enterprise employees can sign in to the cluster nodes by using their domain credentials. They can also use their domain credentials to authenticate with other approved endpoints. Like Apache Ambari Views, ODBC, JDBC, PowerShell, and REST APIs to interact with the cluster.
azure databricks does not need enterprise security package like hdinsight. it is single sign on with Azure AD. Azure databricks is being used here to run pypspak script on cosmos db sensor collection data to to notify if emergency dispatch service is required.
It says that the sensors should only write access to the data storage, meaning there is some sort of service principle authentication and authorization in place. Therefore, to let the Spark Cluster access the data, you need to have the Enterprise Security package installed.
C: Open-source Apache Hadoop relies on the Kerberos protocol for authentication and security. Therefore, HDInsight cluster nodes with Enterprise Security Package (ESP) are joined to a domain that's managed by Azure AD DS. Kerberos security is configured for the Hadoop components on the cluster.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/hdinsight/domain-joined/apache-domain-joined-architecture
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