Suggested Answer:ABE🗳️
A: Starting with 12c, Oracle has unified all of the auditing types into one single unit called Unified auditing. You dont have to turn on or off all of the different auidting types individually and as a matter of fact auditing is enabled by default right out of the box. The AUD$ and FGA$ tables have been replaced with one single audit trail table. All of the audit data is now stored in Secure Files table thus improving the overall management aspects of audit data itself. B: Further the audit data can also be buffered solving most of the common performance related problems seen on busy environments. E: Unified Auditing is able to collect audit data for Fine Grained Audit, RMAN, Data Pump, Label Security, Database Vault and Real Application Security operations. Note: * Benefits of the Unified Audit Trail The benefits of a unified audit trail are many: / (B) Overall auditing performance is greatly improved. The default mode that unified audit works is Queued Write mode. In this mode, the audit records are batched in SGA queue and is persisted in a periodic way. Because the audit records are written to SGA queue, there is a significant performance improvement. / The unified auditing functionality is always enabled and does not depend on the initialization parameters that were used in previous releases / (A) The audit records, including records from the SYS audit trail, for all the audited components of your Oracle Database installation are placed in one location and in one format, rather than your having to look in different places to find audit trails in varying formats. This consolidated view enables auditors to co-relate audit information from different components. For example, if an error occurred during an INSERT statement, standard auditing can indicate the error number and the SQL that was executed. Oracle Database Vault-specific information can indicate whether this error happened because of a command rule violation or realm violation. Note that there will be two audit records with a distinct AUDIT_TYPE. With this unification in place, SYS audit records appear with AUDIT_TYPE set to Standard Audit. / The management and security of the audit trail is also improved by having it in single audit trail. / You can create named audit policies that enable you to audit the supported components listed at the beginning of this section, as well as SYS administrative users. Furthermore, you can build conditions and exclusions into your policies. * Oracle Database 12c Unified Auditing enables selective and effective auditing inside the Oracle database using policies and conditions. The new policy based syntax simplifies management of auditing within the database and provides the ability to accelerate auditing based on conditions. * The new architecture unifies the existing audit trails into a single audit trail, enabling simplified management and increasing the security of audit data generated by the database.
Unified auditing:
-Improved performance: On Oracle Database 12c, with Unified Auditing and Conditional Auditing, you get the ability to configure precise, context-dependant logging which should reduce the performance overhead associated with database auditing
-Audit operations of all RDBMS and other components like RMAN, Oracle Data Pump using the new 12c Unified Auditing feature, consolidating all audit trails into a single unified audit trail table
-The unified audit trail resides in a read-only table in the AUDSYS schema in the SYSAUX tablespace
Unified auditing:
-Improved performance: On Oracle Database 12c, with Unified Auditing and Conditional Auditing, you get the ability to configure precise, context-dependant logging which should reduce the performance overhead associated with database auditing and enable more effective analysis of audit logs.
-As part of the unified audit trail enhancement, a new schema, AUDSYS, will be used solely for storage of the unified audit trail data table.The existing audit data in the AUD$ and FGA_LOG$ system tables, audit metadata, and audit PL/SQL packages, will continue to reside in the SYS schema.
-Audit operations of all RDBMS and other components like RMAN, Oracle Data Pump using the new 12c Unified Auditing feature, consolidating all audit trails into a single unified audit trail table
-The unified audit trail resides in a read-only table in the AUDSYS schema in the SYSAUX tablespace
BDE confirmed,
https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/DBSEG/auditing.htm#DBSEG630
check section "What Is Unified Auditing" and "Benefits of the Unified Audit Trail"
I agree, the correct answer is:
B:https://www.vitalsofttech.com/overview-of-unified-auditing-in-oracle-database-12c/
D: https://blogs.oracle.com/imc/entry/oracle_database_12c_new_unified
E: http://www.oracle.com/webfolder/technetwork/tutorials/obe/db/12c/r1/security/sec_uni_audit/sec_uni_audit.html
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