SCALE : TONE :

Correct Answer: A 🗳️
This is a "part-to-whole" analogy. A musical SCALE is comprised of a series of TONES that are arranged in a fixed sequence; similarly, the spectrum is comprised of a series of colors arranged in a particular sequence.

SANDAL : FOOTPRINT ::

Correct Answer: E 🗳️
This is a "symptom or sign" analogy. A SANDAL leaves behind it a FOOTPRINT that traces the sandal’s path; similarly, a boat leaves behind it awake that traces the boats path.

DAM : DELUGE ::

Correct Answer: C 🗳️
This is an "operates against" (prevention) analogy. You DAM (a body of water) to prevent a DELUGE (sudden, enormous flow); similarly, you lock something like a door or a safe in order to prevent a theft

WAR : OFFENSIVE ::

Correct Answer: C 🗳️
This is an "environment for" analogy. An OFFENSIVE (a noun here) is an event — a planned attack — that typically occurs during a WAR. Similarly, a dream is an event that typically occurs during slumber(deep sleep). As for choice (D), soccer is an event that might take place in a stadium. But to say that soccer usually occurs in a stadium would be an overstatement. Also, a stadium is a physical place, whereas WAR and slumber are events.

SONG : SERENADE ::

Correct Answer: A 🗳️
This is a "type of" (special category) analogy. A SERENADE is a special kind of SONG, one sung by a lover to his beloved, sometimes in secret; similarly, a tryst is a special kind of appointment, one made by lovers, often in secret.

HAND : GNARLED ::

Correct Answer: D 🗳️
This is a type of "symptom or manifestation" analogy. A HAND may become GNARLED (knotted and twisted) with age, just as a brow may become creased
(wrinkled or ridged) with age. Gnarls and creases are each a manifestation of gradual deterioration. Since a tire goes flat abruptly and for one of many possible reasons, choice E.is not as strong an analogy as choice (D).

OSCILLATE : PENDULUM ::

Correct Answer: E 🗳️
This is an "inherent function" analogy. A PENDULUM is designed to OSCILLATE (move back and forth); similarly, an automobile is designed to travel.

ARCHITECT : CREATIVE ::

Correct Answer: B 🗳️
This is as "ideal characteristic" analogy. Ideally, an ARCHITECT is CREATIVE; similarly, an ideal soldier is one who is obedient; that is, one who obeys the orders of a superior officer. Choice B. is incorrect because disloyalty is not just an ideal characteristic of a traitor; it is the defining characteristic.

DESIGNATION : STIGMA ::

Correct Answer: B 🗳️
This is a "negative form of" analogy. A STIGMA (mark or sign of disgrace) is an unwanted DESIGNATION. Similarly, a predicament (difficult situation) is an unwanted circumstance.

TEACHER : INSTRUCTION ::

Correct Answer: E 🗳️
This is an "inherent function" analogy. The function of a TEACHER is to provide INSTRUCTION for another; similarly, the function of a guard is to provide protection for another. As for choice (D), although the "function" of a student might be said to learn, it is not to provide learning for another. So choice E. is not as strong an analogy as choice (D).